The 1942 Lincoln Wheat Penny is a cherished piece of American coinage, valued by collectors for its historical significance and affordability. Minted during the height of World War II, the 1942 penny captures the essence of an era marked by patriotism, economic change, and a shift in coin production strategies. Whether you’re a seasoned numismatist or just getting started, understanding the details of the 1942 wheat penny can help you appreciate its place in U.S. coin history — and possibly identify a rare and valuable specimen.
In this article, we’ll cover the coin’s history, design, mint marks, metal composition, value, errors, and collecting tips to help you determine what your 1942 penny might be worth.
History of the 1942 Lincoln Wheat Penny
The Lincoln Wheat Penny, designed by Victor D. Brenner, was first issued in 1909 to commemorate the 100th birthday of President Abraham Lincoln. By 1942, the coin had been in circulation for over three decades and was widely recognized by Americans.
During World War II, the U.S. Mint began to prepare for metal shortages due to the war effort. In 1943, they famously struck pennies in steel to save copper for ammunition and wiring. But in 1942, the Mint still produced pennies in 95% copper and 5% tin and zinc, the traditional bronze alloy.
This makes the 1942 wheat penny the last full year before the temporary switch to steel coins, adding historical interest for collectors.
1942 Lincoln Wheat Penny Design
The design of the 1942 penny is consistent with earlier Lincoln wheat cents:
- Obverse (front): Features a right-facing profile of Abraham Lincoln with the words “IN GOD WE TRUST” above, “LIBERTY” to the left, and the date “1942” to the right.
- Reverse (back): Shows two wheat stalks flanking the words “ONE CENT,” “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,” and the motto “E PLURIBUS UNUM” above.
This iconic design remained in use until 1958, when it was replaced by the Lincoln Memorial reverse.
Mint Marks and Production Numbers
The 1942 Lincoln wheat penny was minted at three facilities:
| Mint | Mint Mark | Mintage |
|---|---|---|
| Philadelphia | No mint mark | 657,796,000 |
| Denver | D | 206,698,000 |
| San Francisco | S | 85,590,000 |
These high mintage numbers mean that most 1942 pennies are common, but mint-marked examples, especially from San Francisco, tend to fetch slightly higher prices in circulated condition.
1942 Wheat Penny Metal Composition
- Composition: 95% copper, 5% tin and zinc
- Weight: 3.11 grams
- Diameter: 19 mm
- Edge: Plain
Collectors should note that because of its high copper content, a 1942 wheat penny is technically worth more than one cent in metal value alone — although it’s illegal to melt down U.S. coins for scrap.
How Much is a 1942 Wheat Penny Worth?
The value of a 1942 Lincoln penny depends on several factors, including its mint mark, condition (grade), and rarity of any error.
Average Values (as of 2025):
| Condition | No Mint Mark | 1942-D | 1942-S |
|---|---|---|---|
| Good (G4) | $0.05 | $0.10 | $0.10 |
| Fine (F12) | $0.10 | $0.15 | $0.20 |
| Extremely Fine (EF40) | $0.25 | $0.35 | $0.40 |
| Uncirculated (MS60) | $1.00 | $1.50 | $2.00 |
| Brilliant Uncirculated (MS65) | $4.00+ | $5.00+ | $6.00+ |
Proof coins were also struck in limited numbers (about 32,600) at the Philadelphia Mint and can command $50–$100 or more depending on condition.
1942 Wheat Penny Error Coins and Varieties
Some 1942 wheat pennies are worth hundreds or even thousands of dollars due to minting errors or rare varieties. Here are a few key types to watch for:
1. Doubled Die Obverse (DDO)
This error features noticeable doubling on the date, the word “LIBERTY,” or “IN GOD WE TRUST.” These are highly sought after by error collectors.
- Value: $100 – $500+ depending on clarity and condition.
2. Off-Center Strike
Coins that were not centered correctly during striking. A 5–10% off-center strike can bring modest premiums, while a 50% off-center error can be worth $50–$200+.
3. BIE Error
A small die break that appears as an extra “I” between the letters “B” and “E” in “LIBERTY.” These are popular and can sell for $5 to $30, depending on severity.
4. 1942 Over 1941 RPM (Repunched Mint Mark)
On some Denver and San Francisco coins, the mint mark was repunched, leading to noticeable doubling.
- Value: $25 – $150+
Collecting Tips for the 1942 Penny
Here are a few tips to maximize your collecting experience:
- Check Condition First – The value jumps significantly with higher grades. Use a magnifying glass or loupe to check for scratches or wear.
- Inspect for Errors – Doubled dies, off-center strikes, and repunched mint marks increase value.
- Store Properly – Use coin flips or acid-free holders to avoid oxidation and green patina (common on copper coins).
- Get it Graded – If your coin appears uncirculated or has a rare error, consider professional grading through PCGS or NGC.
- Compare with Price Guides – Consult trusted sources like PCGS, NGC, or the Red Book for updated values.
Is the 1942 Lincoln Wheat Penny Rare?
Generally speaking, the 1942 penny is not rare. It’s one of the more common wheat cents due to high production. However, error coins, proof strikes, and well-preserved mint-state examples are much harder to find, especially with full red (RD) luster.
Where to Buy or Sell 1942 Wheat Pennies
If you’re looking to buy or sell a 1942 Lincoln penny:
- Online Marketplaces: eBay, Etsy, and Amazon have active listings, but prices can vary.
- Coin Dealers: Local coin shops often have bulk wheat cents and can provide appraisals.
- Coin Shows & Auctions: Great for finding high-grade or rare error coins.
- Online Coin Retailers: Sites like Apmex, JM Bullion, and Heritage Auctions sometimes carry collectible wheat cents.
Final Thoughts
The 1942 Lincoln Wheat Penny may not be rare in most cases, but it remains a beloved collectible due to its affordability, wartime context, and potential for hidden gems like error coins. Whether you’re just starting out or adding to an existing wheat penny collection, a 1942 cent is a worthwhile piece with a story to tell.
If you come across one in your change or coin jar, don’t overlook it — it might be worth more than you think.